Explosive-engine.



G. H. PAULSEN. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.'

APPLICATION FILED JAN.25,1912.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOI? 0. H. PAULSEN.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE. I APPLIGATION FILED JAN.25, 1912.

1,1 14,51 1. Pat canted 001;. 20, 1914.

" 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

;/ IVENTOR rm/m I much of the friction.

' ing and discharging.

the grooves,

, into the other- QARLEY H. FAULSEN or new YORK,'N. Y.

'EXrLosrvE-ENeINE.

' Specificationof Letters Patent.

Patented Oct, 20, 1914.

To all whom. it may concern Be' it known that I, CARLEY HERBERT PAULSEN,a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Bronx, in thecity and State of New York, have invented a certain and usefulImprovement in Explosive Engin,es, of which the following is aspecification.

My improvement applies to the class known as four-cycle. It pertains tothe provisions for admitting, compressing, explod- I make a. successfulmachine capable of revolving at high velocity with great efficiency andavoiding extreme and destructive heat onany part. The motion-of thevalves or of the large plates or ported disks which perform thefunctions of the valves and also contribute usefully to constitute thebearing, is continuous and uniform,.one plate revolving in one directionand the ot l. r in the opposite.

I have 'made a discovery,-that it is prac ticable to revolve porteddisks in opposite directions between ported heads. I make that the basisof a main parti'of the invert tioin I arrange the ports in a singlecircle so as to have space available for several balls which relieve Theabsence of friction allows a slender shaft to carry one of a pair of.revolving disks or plates and ,a slender sleeve inclosing such shaft maycarry the other plate or disk, geared to have equal and oppositemotions. Less than usual areaof the head in such .engines is'required inmine for the center space because of the lightness of. the resistance offriction. I have made another discovery and worked it out in thisinvention. To offset the revolutionsv of the plates even with theiranti-friction aids involves a strong lateral force impressed throughthe. gearing. I have made which extend continuously around at variousdistances from the center, of semi-circular cross-section, andproportioned the parts so that the balls are sunk half their diameterinto one part and half It causes them to not only relirgze the directpressure face-wise in the ordinary manner but also ,to perform anadditional duty in aiding to carry the lateral force.

The following is a description of what. I consider the best means ofcarrying out the invention. The accompanying drawings series ofantifriction ,form a partof this specification.

Figure l is a central vertical section with the piston near themid-point of its downward stroke. It is inducting the proper mixture ofair andexplosive gas. .Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on'the line 2-2 inFig. 1, seen from below. The next 16 views, all ofc'ircular outline, anduniform size are diagrams showing the two plates and the two apart infour positions. All are in plan view, seen from below. Figs. 3, 4,5, and6 show the positions during the act ofinhaling. I will term thisposition I. Figs. 3 4, 5 and 6? show the positions during the act of thecompression of the gaseous mixture; I will term' this position II. Figs.3 l", 5",'and 6 show the'positions during the act of exploding andgiving power to the engine. I will term this position III. Figs. '3, l,5, and 6 show the positions during the act of exhausting the spentproducts of combustion. I will term this position IV. Describing these16'diagrams more critically and in the order of their successivepositions. r

Position I: Figs. 3, 4:, 5, and 6 show the the revolving plates (Figs. 4and 5) relatively to each other and to the adjacent stationary facesagainst which they apply 'during the; process of induction.

Position II: Figs. 3*, 4*, 5 and 6*, show the positions of the aperturein the same two revolving plates afte they have been turned oppositely aquarter revolution of each durthe positions of the apertures in the sameturned oppositely another quarter of a revolution relatively to eachother and to the apertures in the stationary parts, in the importantprocess of exploding. This also shows thestationary faces.

Position IV-z Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, show the positions of two revolvingplates after they have been turned oppositely another quarter of arevolution-relatively to each other and to the apertures in the samestationary parts, during the process of exhausting the spent products ofcombustion. This also shows the stationary faces.

Fig. 7 is a side view of the head of the cyltinder and the gearing thereemployed to.

fixed faces between which they work, spread positions approximated bythe-apertures in ing the process of' cornpression. This also shows thestationary faces. Position III: Figs. 3, .4", 5 and 6, show tworevolving plates after they have been the'apertures in the same operatethe plates. Fig. 8 is an outline'hori zontal section, illustratinganother practicable arrangement of the novel parts.

I Similarletters and marks of reference indicate corresponding parts inall the figures where they appear.

the innerhead made integral with themain .part A. -Each part A'and A isthick and liberally cored for the easy andactive circu- .lation ofcooling water.

- Af isa separately forined outer head liberally water-cooled.This'hea-dwith its con- 'nections for circulating watertherein may beeasily'removed to allow of introducing and removing the plates to bepresently de-' scribed.

. Ixa'ttach much importance to the ample provision which my inventionaffords for cooling all the parts. The main part of the cylinderhas awater jacket W extending smoothly over the lateral surface in which thecooling water is circulated actively by a pump and connections, notshown, andthis inner jacket connects quite around with thecorrespondingjacket-'W cored or otherwise produced in the innerhead A and extendingacross. The whole. area of this ead, except a central seat for theentirel bearings, and the two apertures and a limited breadth aroundthem, is subject to an active freedom in any convenient direction,

- fi'ow of ,wat'erreceived from the main water jacket W and deliveredwith correspondirlilg T e removableou'ter head A is also' cooled withefficiency and thoroughness. It is hollow throughout, and receives astrong flow of that all parts, including the portion which is overheatedin other engines, the exhaust passage from the interior of the cylinder,is kept down at a practicably moderate temperature; Ais an additional,separatelyformed stationery head, also .water-cooled,

secured by bolts. This head is formed with two nozzles A and A, arrangedquartering as shown in Fig. 7, which connect to pipes or manifolds notshown. One. ofthese noz-' zles Af-receives by ordinary manifolds thefresh charge of gasole'ne and air at the proper rapidlyrecurringintervals, the other A? leads away the s ent gases after each explosionhas been utllized. There aretwo apertures, A and A in each ofthese'heads exactly coinciding with each other and with the upper faceof the inner-headA and also The parts not shownmay be of any ordinaryorsuitable const-ruction, and may perform their usual functions.-

A is the main portion of the cylinder and A imam parallel.

' B is the piston and G the connecting rod leading tothe crank shaftbelow, not shown. D is the ordinary sparkplug aperture. These parts andall'others not specially referred to may beas is usual in this widelyused class of motors;

' G is a shaft extending vertically through i the outer head A havingthe bevel gear wheel G carried at its upper end, and what I- term theinner plateGr carried at the lower end. The lower face of this innerplate revolves against the outer face of the fixed inner head A Thisplate G has the apertures g and 9* correctly proportioned and locatedas; shown with relation to the relative positions of the apertures inthe separately formed outer head A and to the corresponding apertures ofthe cylinder A and those in the inner hea'd A By taking the machineapart and changing-the shape andsize ofthese' apertures g and g, the

action of the explosive charges can be modified within wide limits. H iswhat I term the outer plate. It"is fixed on a hollow shaft or sleeve H,inclosing the shaft, G, andrevolved by a gear wheel H at the top. It hasone aperture p, see Fig. 4c", of the same size and shape as g t. Theseplates G and H are; revolved simultaneously in opposite directi'onsbytheir respective shafts G and H by means of the bevel gear] wheels G andH engaged respectively bybevel gears I and I carried by a transverseshaft I, driven by the engine from the crank not shown. The gearing issuch that the plates are revolved once for each two revolutions of thecrank shaft.

K are steel balls running in circular grooves in the stationary parallelsupporting faces of the heads A and A and in the revolving plates G2 andH The grooves are of circular cross section matchin exactly together andthe metal in which they are formed in each case is firmly held. Theballs must be of such diameter as to allow therubbing surfaces to bearonly slightly at first, but after the engine has been; run lightly for alittle time they will bear more heavily as the rubbing faces are worndown. The balls are sunk half their diameter into the heads ofA and halfinto the plate H Other grooves and balls serve the plate H and the upperface of thelQwer plate G and others between the lower face of Gr and thefixed metal A ad j'acent serve both to support the face-wise pressureand to aid the shaft G and the sleeve H in carrying the lateral straindue to the force of the driving gear I and I in revolving theirrespective parts.

L, L. are slender rings of metal or other lnated on a common diameterextending in suitable material "let into other circular the samedirection from their non-ad acent grooves between the fixed parts A andAradial edges, inclosing cylinder heads havarranged to serve as packingtoincrease the tightness of the joint; These grooves are not like thegrooves for the balls K, of semicircular cross section.

The ignition is shown as effected by an electric spark from a spark plugfitting in the aperture D, in the ordinary long-approver manner. v

In making the ffective stroke-the power streke,- after the descent ofthe piston is nearly completed, the 'exhaust is opened by thecoincidence of the passages in position IV as shown, by Figs. 3, 4L, 5,(5, and the spent gas is liberated and allowed to escape.

By the construction and mode of operais attained with less than theusual noise, without separate valves and without their liability tobecome overheated or pitted orto hammer or stick.

' mechanics without departing from principle or sacrificing theadvantages of the Modifications may be made by good the inventlon.

There may be any style of the annoyance of the sound the explosions.

Fig. 8 shows in muffler to avoid occasioned by outline a cross sectionof a portion of a cylinder having the same provisions for inducting andeducting gas at one side instead of at the head. I esteem this withinthe invention.

I claim as my invention 1. In an explosive engine, two circular plateshaving faces presented toward'each other and'both apertured in theformof segments of a circle at the same distance from the center, the one.plate having one aperture and the other two apertures siting passages,and. means for revolving said plates in opposite direct, me and adaptedby coincidence of said apertures and passages to control the inductionand eduction.

2. In an explosive engine, two circular plates havin faces presentedtoward each other and 'botdi apertured in they form of seg ments of acircle at the same distance from the center, the one plate having oneaperture and the other two apertures situated on a common diameterextending in the same direction from their nonadjacent radial edges,inclosing cylinder sages, means tor revolving said plates 1n oppositedirections and adapted by coincidence of said apertures and passages tocontrol the induction and eduction, and antifriction balls movable incircular grooves and constructed to resist both face pressure andlateral displacement.

3. In an explosive engine of the four cycle type, ported disks, portedheads, said disks being revoluble in opposite directions between saidheads, the ports being in a single heads having pascircle, a, shaftcarrying one pair of disks, 2.

CARLEY H. PAULSEN.

Witnesses 2 THOMAS DREW STETSON, S. H. Sroonna;

